Maintaining your trailer’s braking system is essential for safe towing, and knowing how to change electric brakes on a trailer is a valuable skill for any trailer owner. Whether your brakes are worn out or you’re upgrading to a better system, this guide will walk you through the process of changing electric brakes on your trailer.
Why You Might Need to Change Electric Brakes
Electric brakes are durable and reliable, but like any mechanical component, they wear out over time. Signs that it’s time to replace your electric brakes include:
- Reduced braking efficiency
- Strange noises during braking
- Visible wear on the brake shoes or drums
- Uneven tire wear
Regular maintenance checks can help you catch these issues early, ensuring your trailer remains safe to tow.
Tools and Materials You’ll Need
Before you start the process, gather the necessary tools and materials:
- New electric brake assemblies
- Jack and jack stands
- Lug wrench
- Socket set and wrenches
- Brake cleaner
- Wire brush
- Grease and grease gun
- Torque wrench
- Electrical connectors and crimping tool
- Wire stripper and cutter
Step-by-Step Guide to Changing Electric Brakes
1. Prepare the Trailer
- Park the trailer on a level surface and ensure it is securely chocked to prevent movement.
- Disconnect the trailer from the tow vehicle and remove the electrical connection.
2. Lift the Trailer
- Use a jack to lift the trailer, placing jack stands under the frame to support it safely.
- Remove the wheels using a lug wrench and set them aside.
3. Remove the Old Brake Assembly
- Locate the brake drum and remove it by sliding it off the axle. You may need to loosen the star wheel adjuster to do this.
- Disconnect the brake wires by cutting them close to the old assembly. Make sure to leave enough wire to connect the new assembly.
- Remove the bolts holding the brake assembly to the axle flange using a socket and wrench.
4. Install the New Brake Assembly
- Align the new brake assembly with the axle flange and secure it with the bolts you removed earlier. Tighten the bolts to the manufacturer’s specifications using a torque wrench.
- Connect the wires from the new brake assembly to the trailer wiring. Use electrical connectors and a crimping tool to ensure a secure connection. Match the color-coded wires to avoid any confusion.
5. Reattach the Brake Drum and Wheel
- Clean the brake drum with a wire brush and brake cleaner to remove any debris.
- Slide the drum back over the new brake assembly. Ensure it rotates freely but with slight resistance.
- Reinstall the wheel and tighten the lug nuts by hand.
6. Lower the Trailer and Test the Brakes
- Remove the jack stands and carefully lower the trailer back onto the ground.
- Use a torque wrench to tighten the lug nuts to the recommended torque setting.
- Reconnect the trailer to the tow vehicle and test the brakes by driving at a low speed in a safe area. Adjust the brake controller settings as needed.
Tips for a Successful Brake Change
- Safety First: Always use jack stands to support the trailer when it’s lifted off the ground. Never rely solely on the jack.
- Check the Wiring: Inspect the wiring for any signs of wear or damage before connecting the new brake assembly. Replace any damaged wires to prevent future issues.
- Adjust the Brakes: After installation, adjust the brakes according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Proper adjustment ensures even braking and prolongs the life of the brake components.
Conclusion
Knowing how to change electric brakes on a trailer not only saves you money on repair costs but also ensures that your trailer remains safe to operate. By following this step-by-step guide, you can confidently replace your trailer’s electric brakes and keep your towing setup in top condition.