For those who tow regularly, ensuring that your trailer’s braking system is reliable and efficient is essential. One question many trailer owners ask is, Can you change hydraulic trailer brakes to electric? The answer is yes, and making the switch can provide several benefits, such as easier maintenance, improved control, and enhanced braking performance. This guide will explain how to convert your trailer’s hydraulic brakes to electric brakes, the advantages of doing so, and what you need to consider before starting the conversion process.
Why Convert Hydraulic Brakes to Electric?
Hydraulic brakes use fluid pressure to activate the braking mechanism, while electric brakes rely on an electrical signal from the tow vehicle’s brake controller. There are several reasons why you might want to convert your hydraulic trailer brakes to electric:
- Simplicity and Maintenance: Electric brakes have fewer components than hydraulic systems, making them easier to maintain and repair. There is no need for hydraulic lines, fluid, or regular bleeding of the brakes.
- Improved Control: Electric brakes offer more control through the brake controller in your tow vehicle. You can adjust the braking power based on the load and road conditions, which provides a smoother towing experience.
- Cost-Effective Repairs: Replacing or repairing hydraulic components can be more expensive compared to electric brake components. Switching to electric brakes may save money on future repairs and maintenance.
- Compatibility with Tow Vehicle: If your tow vehicle is already equipped with an electric brake controller, converting to electric brakes allows for easier integration and use.
Can You Change Hydraulic Trailer Brakes to Electric?
Yes, it is possible to convert hydraulic trailer brakes to electric, and it’s a common upgrade for trailer owners looking for better control and easier maintenance. However, the process requires a few key components and some mechanical know-how. Below, we will break down the conversion process step by step.
How to Convert Hydraulic Trailer Brakes to Electric
1. Evaluate Your Trailer’s Axles
Before starting the conversion, determine if your trailer’s axles are compatible with electric brakes. Most axles on trailers with hydraulic brakes can be fitted with electric brake assemblies, but it’s essential to check for compatibility.
2. Remove Hydraulic Components
The first step in the conversion process is to remove the hydraulic components. This includes the brake calipers, drums, hydraulic lines, and the master cylinder. Ensure that all hydraulic fluid is properly drained from the system before removing the lines to prevent spills.
3. Install Electric Brake Assemblies
Once the hydraulic components are removed, install the new electric brake assemblies onto the trailer’s axles. These assemblies include the electric brake magnets, brake shoes, and the backing plate. Ensure that the brake assemblies are securely mounted and aligned correctly.
4. Install Brake Drums
Next, install the brake drums that are compatible with your electric brake assemblies. The brake drums should match the size and specifications of the electric brake components.
5. Run Electrical Wiring
After the mechanical components are installed, you’ll need to run electrical wiring from the tow vehicle’s brake controller to the trailer’s electric brakes. This wiring connects the controller to the brake magnets, allowing the electric brakes to engage when the tow vehicle’s brakes are applied.
Ensure that the wiring is properly secured to the trailer’s frame to prevent damage during towing. A 7-way connector is commonly used to connect the tow vehicle to the trailer.
6. Install a Brake Controller
If your tow vehicle doesn’t already have a brake controller, you’ll need to install one. A brake controller is necessary to send the electrical signal to the trailer’s brakes. There are two types of brake controllers: proportional and time-delayed. Proportional controllers adjust the braking force based on the tow vehicle’s speed, while time-delayed controllers apply a preset amount of braking force.
7. Test the System
Once all the components are installed, test the braking system to ensure everything is working correctly. Connect the trailer to the tow vehicle and test the brakes at different speeds to ensure they engage smoothly and evenly.
Key Considerations Before Conversion
1. Axle Compatibility
Make sure your trailer’s axles are compatible with electric brakes. If your axles don’t have brake flanges, you may need to weld flanges onto the axles or replace the axles entirely.
2. Towing Capacity
Electric brakes are suitable for a wide range of trailer weights, but it’s important to ensure that the electric brakes you install are rated for your trailer’s weight. Consult the manufacturer’s specifications to ensure proper fit and performance.
3. Wiring Requirements
Running electrical wiring from the tow vehicle to the trailer’s brakes requires careful attention to detail. Make sure all connections are secure and properly insulated to prevent electrical shorts or failures.
Benefits of Electric Brakes Over Hydraulic Brakes
1. More Control
With electric brakes, you have more control over the braking force through the brake controller. This allows you to adjust the braking power based on road conditions, trailer load, and towing speed.
2. Lower Maintenance
Electric brakes require less maintenance compared to hydraulic brakes. There are no hydraulic lines to bleed, and the system is less prone to leaks and other fluid-related issues.
3. Cost-Effective Repairs
Replacing or repairing electric brake components is generally more affordable than maintaining a hydraulic braking system. Electric brakes are also easier to service, making them a cost-effective option for long-term use.
Conclusion
Can you change hydraulic trailer brakes to electric? Yes, you can, and doing so can offer significant advantages, including easier maintenance, improved braking control, and cost savings on repairs. Converting hydraulic brakes to electric requires several components, including electric brake assemblies, drums, wiring, and a brake controller. By following the steps outlined above, you can successfully make the conversion and enjoy the benefits of electric trailer brakes on your next towing adventure.